Open and closed bridging loans

Closed bridging finance is a short-term bridging loan where the exit strategy is confirmed and time-defined from the outset. Repayment is tied to a known event, such as an exchanged property sale or approved refinance, which reduces lender risk and often results in lower interest rates than open bridging.

Short-term secured lending, usually between three and twenty-four months, used where timing matters more than cost: buying at auction, breaking a chain, or funding works before a property can be refinanced conventionally. Interest is materially higher than a term mortgage, and lending is granted against a credible exit: the sale or refinance that will repay it. No exit, no loan.

Bridging lenders look mainly at the security — its value and type — and the exit — how the loan will be repaid — along with the borrower's identity, credit history, experience for investors, and the purpose of the loan.

Re-bridging is refinancing an existing bridging loan with a new bridging loan on the same property, usually from a different lender, to give the borrower more time to complete the original exit, such as a sale, a remortgage or the end of a development. The new loan repays the old one in full, including any rolled-up interest, exit fee and extension or default charges, and starts a new term with its own fees and interest. Because those costs are added to the debt, the loan to value rises with each re-bridge. It differs from an extension, which keeps the same loan with the same lender for longer, and from remortgaging, which moves the debt onto a term mortgage.

A bridging loan is not dangerous in itself, but it carries more risk than a standard mortgage if it is used without a workable plan. Bridging loans are short-term, high-cost loans that rely on a clear, achievable exit such as a sale or refinance, and the risk increases if the exit fails, the term is exceeded or the costs are misunderstood.